What is necessary for a person to commit fraud through false pretenses?

To successfully commit fraud through false pretenses, it is essential for the perpetrator to have knowledge of the falsehood they are presenting. This means that they are aware that the information they are providing is not true and that they are intentionally using this misinformation to mislead another party.

The perpetrator’s knowledge of the falsehood demonstrates the intention to deceive, which is a critical element in establishing fraud. Without this knowledge, the act would lack the necessary intent (or mens rea) required for fraud to be proven.

The other options do not capture this fundamental requirement for fraud. Use of a legal document, pressure on the individual, and verbal communication can all be present in fraudulent situations but are not prerequisites for establishing fraud through false pretenses. The key factor remains the intent behind the false representation, which hinges on the individual's understanding that they are being deceitful.