Which of the following is NOT required for a security interest to be enforceable against a debtor under UCC Article 9?

The enforceability of a security interest under UCC Article 9 generally hinges on several requirements, and one of those conditions is the necessity of establishing the security interest through an appropriate agreement. The secured party must give value, indicating that they have provided something of value (like a loan) to the debtor. The debtor must have rights in the collateral, ensuring they have ownership or a sufficient interest in the property being used as collateral for the loan. Additionally, it is crucial that the debtor signs a security agreement, which outlines the terms of the security interest and establishes the secured party's rights in the collateral.

However, registration or filing of the transaction is not a prerequisite to establish the enforceability of the security interest against the debtor. While filing may be necessary for third-party claims to avoid competing interests, it does not impact the validity of the security agreement between the debtor and the creditor initially. Thus, not registering the transaction does not prevent the enforcement of the security interest against the debtor. The focus is on whether the foundational elements—value, the debtor’s rights, and the signed agreement—are in place, which supports the conclusion that registration is not a requirement for enforceability against a debtor.